Serveur d'exploration MERS

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Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus infection is inhibited by griffithsin

Identifieur interne : 001120 ( Main/Exploration ); précédent : 001119; suivant : 001121

Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus infection is inhibited by griffithsin

Auteurs : Jean K. Millet [États-Unis] ; Karin Séron [France] ; Rachael N. Labitt [États-Unis] ; Adeline Danneels [France] ; Kenneth E. Palmer [États-Unis] ; Gary R. Whittaker [États-Unis] ; Jean Dubuisson [France] ; Sandrine Belouzard [France]

Source :

RBID : PMC:7113895

Descripteurs français

English descriptors

Abstract

Highly pathogenic human coronaviruses associated with a severe respiratory syndrome, including Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV), have recently emerged. The MERS-CoV epidemic started in 2012 and is still ongoing, with a mortality rate of approximately 35%. No vaccine is available against MERS-CoV and therapeutic options for MERS-CoV infections are limited to palliative and supportive care. A search for specific antiviral treatments is urgently needed. Coronaviruses are enveloped viruses, with the spike proteins present on their surface responsible for virus entry into the target cell. Lectins are attractive anti-coronavirus candidates because of the highly glycosylated nature of the spike protein. We tested the antiviral effect of griffithsin (GRFT), a lectin isolated from the red marine alga Griffithsia sp. against MERS-CoV infection. Our results demonstrate that while displaying no significant cytotoxicity, griffithsin is a potent inhibitor of MERS-CoV infection. Griffithsin also inhibits entry into host cells of particles pseudotyped with the MERS-CoV spike protein, suggesting that griffithsin inhibits spike protein function during entry. Spike proteins have a dual function during entry, they mediate binding to the host cell surface and also the fusion of the viral envelope with host cell membrane. Time course experiments show that griffithsin inhibits MERS-CoV infection at the binding step. In conclusion, we identify griffithsin as a potent inhibitor of MERS-CoV infection at the entry step.


Url:
DOI: 10.1016/j.antiviral.2016.07.011
PubMed: 27424494
PubMed Central: 7113895


Affiliations:


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<name sortKey="Whittaker, Gary R" sort="Whittaker, Gary R" uniqKey="Whittaker G" first="Gary R." last="Whittaker">Gary R. Whittaker</name>
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<nlm:aff id="aff1">Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA</nlm:aff>
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<title level="j">Antiviral Research</title>
<idno type="ISSN">0166-3542</idno>
<idno type="eISSN">1872-9096</idno>
<imprint>
<date when="2016">2016</date>
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<keywords scheme="KwdEn" xml:lang="en">
<term>Animals</term>
<term>Antiviral Agents (pharmacology)</term>
<term>Biological Products (pharmacology)</term>
<term>Cell Line</term>
<term>Cell Survival (drug effects)</term>
<term>Cells, Cultured</term>
<term>Coronavirus Infections (virology)</term>
<term>Dose-Response Relationship, Drug</term>
<term>Humans</term>
<term>Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (drug effects)</term>
<term>Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (physiology)</term>
<term>Plant Lectins (pharmacology)</term>
<term>Virus Internalization (drug effects)</term>
<term>Virus Replication (drug effects)</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="KwdFr" xml:lang="fr">
<term>Animaux</term>
<term>Antiviraux (pharmacologie)</term>
<term>Cellules cultivées</term>
<term>Coronavirus du syndrome respiratoire du Moyen-Orient ()</term>
<term>Coronavirus du syndrome respiratoire du Moyen-Orient (physiologie)</term>
<term>Humains</term>
<term>Infections à coronavirus (virologie)</term>
<term>Lectines végétales (pharmacologie)</term>
<term>Lignée cellulaire</term>
<term>Produits biologiques (pharmacologie)</term>
<term>Pénétration virale ()</term>
<term>Relation dose-effet des médicaments</term>
<term>Réplication virale ()</term>
<term>Survie cellulaire ()</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" type="chemical" qualifier="pharmacology" xml:lang="en">
<term>Antiviral Agents</term>
<term>Biological Products</term>
<term>Plant Lectins</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="drug effects" xml:lang="en">
<term>Cell Survival</term>
<term>Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus</term>
<term>Virus Internalization</term>
<term>Virus Replication</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="pharmacologie" xml:lang="fr">
<term>Antiviraux</term>
<term>Lectines végétales</term>
<term>Produits biologiques</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="physiologie" xml:lang="fr">
<term>Coronavirus du syndrome respiratoire du Moyen-Orient</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="physiology" xml:lang="en">
<term>Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="virologie" xml:lang="fr">
<term>Infections à coronavirus</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="virology" xml:lang="en">
<term>Coronavirus Infections</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" xml:lang="en">
<term>Animals</term>
<term>Cell Line</term>
<term>Cells, Cultured</term>
<term>Dose-Response Relationship, Drug</term>
<term>Humans</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" xml:lang="fr">
<term>Animaux</term>
<term>Cellules cultivées</term>
<term>Coronavirus du syndrome respiratoire du Moyen-Orient</term>
<term>Humains</term>
<term>Lignée cellulaire</term>
<term>Pénétration virale</term>
<term>Relation dose-effet des médicaments</term>
<term>Réplication virale</term>
<term>Survie cellulaire</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="mix" xml:lang="en">
<term>Antiviral</term>
<term>Lectin</term>
<term>MERS-CoV</term>
<term>Virus entry</term>
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<front>
<div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">
<p>Highly pathogenic human coronaviruses associated with a severe respiratory syndrome, including Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV), have recently emerged. The MERS-CoV epidemic started in 2012 and is still ongoing, with a mortality rate of approximately 35%. No vaccine is available against MERS-CoV and therapeutic options for MERS-CoV infections are limited to palliative and supportive care. A search for specific antiviral treatments is urgently needed. Coronaviruses are enveloped viruses, with the spike proteins present on their surface responsible for virus entry into the target cell. Lectins are attractive anti-coronavirus candidates because of the highly glycosylated nature of the spike protein. We tested the antiviral effect of griffithsin (GRFT), a lectin isolated from the red marine alga
<italic>Griffithsia</italic>
sp. against MERS-CoV infection. Our results demonstrate that while displaying no significant cytotoxicity, griffithsin is a potent inhibitor of MERS-CoV infection. Griffithsin also inhibits entry into host cells of particles pseudotyped with the MERS-CoV spike protein, suggesting that griffithsin inhibits spike protein function during entry. Spike proteins have a dual function during entry, they mediate binding to the host cell surface and also the fusion of the viral envelope with host cell membrane. Time course experiments show that griffithsin inhibits MERS-CoV infection at the binding step. In conclusion, we identify griffithsin as a potent inhibitor of MERS-CoV infection at the entry step.</p>
</div>
</front>
<back>
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</back>
</TEI>
<affiliations>
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<li>France</li>
<li>États-Unis</li>
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</affiliations>
</record>

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